3.366 \(\int \frac{1}{-1+a-b x^3} \, dx\)

Optimal. Leaf size=138 \[ \frac{\log \left (-\sqrt [3]{1-a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+(1-a)^{2/3}+b^{2/3} x^2\right )}{6 (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}-\frac{\log \left (\sqrt [3]{1-a}+\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )}{3 (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}+\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{1-\frac{2 \sqrt [3]{b} x}{\sqrt [3]{1-a}}}{\sqrt{3}}\right )}{\sqrt{3} (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}} \]

[Out]

ArcTan[(1 - (2*b^(1/3)*x)/(1 - a)^(1/3))/Sqrt[3]]/(Sqrt[3]*(1 - a)^(2/3)*b^(1/3)) - Log[(1 - a)^(1/3) + b^(1/3
)*x]/(3*(1 - a)^(2/3)*b^(1/3)) + Log[(1 - a)^(2/3) - (1 - a)^(1/3)*b^(1/3)*x + b^(2/3)*x^2]/(6*(1 - a)^(2/3)*b
^(1/3))

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Rubi [A]  time = 0.0675966, antiderivative size = 138, normalized size of antiderivative = 1., number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 6, integrand size = 11, \(\frac{\text{number of rules}}{\text{integrand size}}\) = 0.546, Rules used = {200, 31, 634, 617, 204, 628} \[ \frac{\log \left (-\sqrt [3]{1-a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+(1-a)^{2/3}+b^{2/3} x^2\right )}{6 (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}-\frac{\log \left (\sqrt [3]{1-a}+\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )}{3 (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}+\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{1-\frac{2 \sqrt [3]{b} x}{\sqrt [3]{1-a}}}{\sqrt{3}}\right )}{\sqrt{3} (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Int[(-1 + a - b*x^3)^(-1),x]

[Out]

ArcTan[(1 - (2*b^(1/3)*x)/(1 - a)^(1/3))/Sqrt[3]]/(Sqrt[3]*(1 - a)^(2/3)*b^(1/3)) - Log[(1 - a)^(1/3) + b^(1/3
)*x]/(3*(1 - a)^(2/3)*b^(1/3)) + Log[(1 - a)^(2/3) - (1 - a)^(1/3)*b^(1/3)*x + b^(2/3)*x^2]/(6*(1 - a)^(2/3)*b
^(1/3))

Rule 200

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^3)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Dist[1/(3*Rt[a, 3]^2), Int[1/(Rt[a, 3] + Rt[b, 3]*x), x], x] + Di
st[1/(3*Rt[a, 3]^2), Int[(2*Rt[a, 3] - Rt[b, 3]*x)/(Rt[a, 3]^2 - Rt[a, 3]*Rt[b, 3]*x + Rt[b, 3]^2*x^2), x], x]
/; FreeQ[{a, b}, x]

Rule 31

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_))^(-1), x_Symbol] :> Simp[Log[RemoveContent[a + b*x, x]]/b, x] /; FreeQ[{a, b}, x]

Rule 634

Int[((d_.) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> Dist[(2*c*d - b*e)/(2*c), Int[1/(a +
b*x + c*x^2), x], x] + Dist[e/(2*c), Int[(b + 2*c*x)/(a + b*x + c*x^2), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x] &
& NeQ[2*c*d - b*e, 0] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0] &&  !NiceSqrtQ[b^2 - 4*a*c]

Rule 617

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> With[{q = 1 - 4*Simplify[(a*c)/b^2]}, Dist[-2/b, Sub
st[Int[1/(q - x^2), x], x, 1 + (2*c*x)/b], x] /; RationalQ[q] && (EqQ[q^2, 1] ||  !RationalQ[b^2 - 4*a*c])] /;
FreeQ[{a, b, c}, x] && NeQ[b^2 - 4*a*c, 0]

Rule 204

Int[((a_) + (b_.)*(x_)^2)^(-1), x_Symbol] :> -Simp[ArcTan[(Rt[-b, 2]*x)/Rt[-a, 2]]/(Rt[-a, 2]*Rt[-b, 2]), x] /
; FreeQ[{a, b}, x] && PosQ[a/b] && (LtQ[a, 0] || LtQ[b, 0])

Rule 628

Int[((d_) + (e_.)*(x_))/((a_.) + (b_.)*(x_) + (c_.)*(x_)^2), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(d*Log[RemoveContent[a + b*x +
c*x^2, x]])/b, x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e}, x] && EqQ[2*c*d - b*e, 0]

Rubi steps

\begin{align*} \int \frac{1}{-1+a-b x^3} \, dx &=\frac{\int \frac{1}{-\sqrt [3]{1-a}-\sqrt [3]{b} x} \, dx}{3 (1-a)^{2/3}}+\frac{\int \frac{-2 \sqrt [3]{1-a}+\sqrt [3]{b} x}{(1-a)^{2/3}-\sqrt [3]{1-a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2} \, dx}{3 (1-a)^{2/3}}\\ &=-\frac{\log \left (\sqrt [3]{1-a}+\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )}{3 (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}-\frac{\int \frac{1}{(1-a)^{2/3}-\sqrt [3]{1-a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2} \, dx}{2 \sqrt [3]{1-a}}+\frac{\int \frac{-\sqrt [3]{1-a} \sqrt [3]{b}+2 b^{2/3} x}{(1-a)^{2/3}-\sqrt [3]{1-a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2} \, dx}{6 (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}\\ &=-\frac{\log \left (\sqrt [3]{1-a}+\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )}{3 (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}+\frac{\log \left ((1-a)^{2/3}-\sqrt [3]{1-a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2\right )}{6 (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}-\frac{\operatorname{Subst}\left (\int \frac{1}{-3-x^2} \, dx,x,1-\frac{2 \sqrt [3]{b} x}{\sqrt [3]{1-a}}\right )}{(1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}\\ &=\frac{\tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{1-\frac{2 \sqrt [3]{b} x}{\sqrt [3]{1-a}}}{\sqrt{3}}\right )}{\sqrt{3} (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}-\frac{\log \left (\sqrt [3]{1-a}+\sqrt [3]{b} x\right )}{3 (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}+\frac{\log \left ((1-a)^{2/3}-\sqrt [3]{1-a} \sqrt [3]{b} x+b^{2/3} x^2\right )}{6 (1-a)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}}\\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [A]  time = 0.0579879, size = 124, normalized size = 0.9 \[ \frac{(-1)^{2/3} \left (\log \left (-\sqrt [3]{-1} \sqrt [3]{a-1} \sqrt [3]{b} x+(a-1)^{2/3}+(-1)^{2/3} b^{2/3} x^2\right )-2 \log \left (\sqrt [3]{a-1}+\sqrt [3]{-1} \sqrt [3]{b} x\right )-2 \sqrt{3} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac{\frac{2 \sqrt [3]{-1} \sqrt [3]{b} x}{\sqrt [3]{a-1}}-1}{\sqrt{3}}\right )\right )}{6 (a-1)^{2/3} \sqrt [3]{b}} \]

Antiderivative was successfully verified.

[In]

Integrate[(-1 + a - b*x^3)^(-1),x]

[Out]

((-1)^(2/3)*(-2*Sqrt[3]*ArcTan[(-1 + (2*(-1)^(1/3)*b^(1/3)*x)/(-1 + a)^(1/3))/Sqrt[3]] - 2*Log[(-1 + a)^(1/3)
+ (-1)^(1/3)*b^(1/3)*x] + Log[(-1 + a)^(2/3) - (-1)^(1/3)*(-1 + a)^(1/3)*b^(1/3)*x + (-1)^(2/3)*b^(2/3)*x^2]))
/(6*(-1 + a)^(2/3)*b^(1/3))

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Maple [A]  time = 0.003, size = 106, normalized size = 0.8 \begin{align*} -{\frac{1}{3\,b}\ln \left ( x-\sqrt [3]{{\frac{a-1}{b}}} \right ) \left ({\frac{a-1}{b}} \right ) ^{-{\frac{2}{3}}}}+{\frac{1}{6\,b}\ln \left ({x}^{2}+\sqrt [3]{{\frac{a-1}{b}}}x+ \left ({\frac{a-1}{b}} \right ) ^{{\frac{2}{3}}} \right ) \left ({\frac{a-1}{b}} \right ) ^{-{\frac{2}{3}}}}+{\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3\,b}\arctan \left ({\frac{\sqrt{3}}{3} \left ( 2\,{x{\frac{1}{\sqrt [3]{{\frac{a-1}{b}}}}}}+1 \right ) } \right ) \left ({\frac{a-1}{b}} \right ) ^{-{\frac{2}{3}}}} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

int(1/(-b*x^3+a-1),x)

[Out]

-1/3/b/((a-1)/b)^(2/3)*ln(x-((a-1)/b)^(1/3))+1/6/b/((a-1)/b)^(2/3)*ln(x^2+((a-1)/b)^(1/3)*x+((a-1)/b)^(2/3))+1
/3/b/((a-1)/b)^(2/3)*3^(1/2)*arctan(1/3*3^(1/2)*(2/((a-1)/b)^(1/3)*x+1))

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Maxima [F(-2)]  time = 0., size = 0, normalized size = 0. \begin{align*} \text{Exception raised: ValueError} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(-b*x^3+a-1),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

Exception raised: ValueError

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Fricas [B]  time = 1.54518, size = 1256, normalized size = 9.1 \begin{align*} \text{result too large to display} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(-b*x^3+a-1),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

[1/6*(3*sqrt(1/3)*(a - 1)*b*sqrt((-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(1/3)/b)*log((2*(a - 1)*b*x^3 + 3*(-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(
1/3)*(a - 1)*x + a^2 + 3*sqrt(1/3)*(2*(a - 1)*b*x^2 - (-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(2/3)*x + (-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(1/3
)*(a - 1))*sqrt((-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(1/3)/b) - 2*a + 1)/(b*x^3 - a + 1)) + (-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(2/3)*log((a
- 1)*b*x^2 + (-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(2/3)*x - (-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(1/3)*(a - 1)) - 2*(-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(2/3)
*log((a - 1)*b*x - (-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(2/3)))/((a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b), 1/6*(6*sqrt(1/3)*(a - 1)*b*sqrt(-(-(a^2 -
2*a + 1)*b)^(1/3)/b)*arctan(sqrt(1/3)*(2*(-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(2/3)*x - (-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(1/3)*(a - 1))*s
qrt(-(-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(1/3)/b)/(a^2 - 2*a + 1)) + (-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(2/3)*log((a - 1)*b*x^2 + (-(a^2 -
2*a + 1)*b)^(2/3)*x - (-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(1/3)*(a - 1)) - 2*(-(a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(2/3)*log((a - 1)*b*x - (-(
a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)^(2/3)))/((a^2 - 2*a + 1)*b)]

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Sympy [A]  time = 0.327316, size = 34, normalized size = 0.25 \begin{align*} - \operatorname{RootSum}{\left (t^{3} \left (27 a^{2} b - 54 a b + 27 b\right ) - 1, \left ( t \mapsto t \log{\left (- 3 t a + 3 t + x \right )} \right )\right )} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(-b*x**3+a-1),x)

[Out]

-RootSum(_t**3*(27*a**2*b - 54*a*b + 27*b) - 1, Lambda(_t, _t*log(-3*_t*a + 3*_t + x)))

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Giac [A]  time = 1.13927, size = 186, normalized size = 1.35 \begin{align*} \frac{{\left (a b^{2} - b^{2}\right )}^{\frac{1}{3}} \arctan \left (\frac{\sqrt{3}{\left (2 \, x + \left (\frac{a - 1}{b}\right )^{\frac{1}{3}}\right )}}{3 \, \left (\frac{a - 1}{b}\right )^{\frac{1}{3}}}\right )}{\sqrt{3} a b - \sqrt{3} b} + \frac{{\left (a b^{2} - b^{2}\right )}^{\frac{1}{3}} \log \left (x^{2} + x \left (\frac{a - 1}{b}\right )^{\frac{1}{3}} + \left (\frac{a - 1}{b}\right )^{\frac{2}{3}}\right )}{6 \,{\left (a b - b\right )}} - \frac{\left (\frac{a - 1}{b}\right )^{\frac{1}{3}} \log \left ({\left | x - \left (\frac{a - 1}{b}\right )^{\frac{1}{3}} \right |}\right )}{3 \,{\left (a - 1\right )}} \end{align*}

Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.

[In]

integrate(1/(-b*x^3+a-1),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

(a*b^2 - b^2)^(1/3)*arctan(1/3*sqrt(3)*(2*x + ((a - 1)/b)^(1/3))/((a - 1)/b)^(1/3))/(sqrt(3)*a*b - sqrt(3)*b)
+ 1/6*(a*b^2 - b^2)^(1/3)*log(x^2 + x*((a - 1)/b)^(1/3) + ((a - 1)/b)^(2/3))/(a*b - b) - 1/3*((a - 1)/b)^(1/3)
*log(abs(x - ((a - 1)/b)^(1/3)))/(a - 1)